BIOLOGY. 11TH EDITION

Preface.
To the Student.
• Part I: THE ORGANIZATION OF LIFE.
1. A View of Life.
2. Atoms and Molecules: The Chemical Basis of Life.
3. The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds.
4. Organization of the Cell.
5. Biological Membranes.
6. Cell Communication.
• Part II: ENERGY TRANSFER THROUGH LIVING SYSTEMS.
7. Energy and Metabolism.
8. How Cells Make ATP: Energy-Releasing Pathways.
9. Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy.
• Part III: THE CONTINUITY OF LIFE: GENETICS.
10. Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis.
11. The Basic Principles of Heredity.
12. DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information.
13. Gene Expression.
14. Gene Regulation.
15. DNA Technology and Genomics.
16. Human Genetics and the Human Genome.
17. Developmental Genetics.
• Part IV: THE CONTINUITY OF LIFE: EVOLUTION.
18. Introduction to Darwinian Evolution.
19. Evolutionary Change in Populations.
20. Speciation and Macroevolution.
21. The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life.
22. The Evolution of Primates.
• Part V: THE DIVERSITY OF LIFE.
23. Understanding Diversity: Systematics.
24. Viruses and Subviral Agents.
25. Bacteria and Archaea.
26. Protists.
27. Seedless Plants.
28. Seed Plants.
29. The Fungi.
30. An Introduction to Animal Diversity.
31. Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes.
32. The Deuterostomes.
• Part VI: STRUCTURE AND LIFE PROCESSES IN PLANTS.
33. Plant Structure, Growth, and Development.
34. Leaf Structure and Function.
35. Stem Structure and Transport.
36. Roots and Mineral Nutrition.
37. Reproduction in Flowering Plants.
38. Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals.
• Part VII: STRUCTURE AND LIFE PROCESSES IN ANIMALS.
39. Animal Structure and Function: An Introduction.
40. Protection, Support, and Movement.
41. Neural Signaling.
42. Neural Regulation.
43. Sensory Systems.
44. Internal Transport.
45. The Immune System: Internal Defense.
46. Gas Exchange.
47. Processing Food and Nutrition.
48. Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes.
49. Endocrine Regulation.
50. Reproduction.
51. Animal Development.
52. Animal Behavior.
• Part VIII: THE INTERACTIONS OF LIFE: ECOLOGY.
53. Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology.
54. Community Ecology.
55. Ecosystems and the Biosphere.
56. Ecology and the Geography of Life.
57. Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology.
APPENDICES (Available online in MindTap and as PDFs on request).
A: Periodic Table of the Elements.
B: Classification of Organisms.
C: Understanding Biological Terms.
D: Abbreviations.
E: Answers to Test Your Understanding, Checkpoint, Key Point, and Key Experiment Questions.
Glossary.
Index.

Solomon, Martin, Martin and Berg's BIOLOGY--often described as the best majors' text for learning Biology--is also a complete teaching program. The integrated, inquiry-based learning system guides students through every chapter, starting with key concepts at the beginning of each chapter and learning objectives for each section. End-of-section Checkpoint questions encourage students to review key points before moving on. A chapter summary further reinforces learning objectives, followed by an opportunity for students to test their understanding. The eleventh edition offers expanded integration of the text's five guiding themes of Biology--the evolution of life, the transmission of biological information, the flow of energy through living systems, interactions among biological systems and the inter-relationship of structure and function. Available with MindTap Biology, the platform that gives instructors complete control of their course and powers students from memorization to mastery.

New to this edition
• The unit on evolution includes exciting new molecular and fossil finds that are contributing to our understanding of the evolution of humans and our relatives.
• MindTap Biology for Solomon/Martin/Martin/Berg's Biology, 11th Edition, is the digital learning solution that powers students from memorization to mastery. It gives you complete control of your course--to provide engaging content, to challenge every individual and to build students' confidence. From the introduction and mastery of core concepts with Mastery Training’s smart distributed practice, to applied Conceptual Learning Activities, MindTap focuses on learning and applying Biology to everyday experiences.
• The genetics and DNA technology chapters present discussions of the CRISPR gene editing system and CRISPR-mediated gene drive. Coverage of the mechanisms behind CRISPR-mediated gene drive as well as its potential biological and social consequences goes beyond descriptions of the system in current versions of competing textbooks. These chapters also include expanded discussion of epigenetic control of gene regulation. The DNA technology chapter is updated to illustrate the importance of new genomic methods based on high-speed DNA sequencing methods that are replacing older technologies.
• The cell biology coverage in Chapters 4, 5 and 6 places greater emphasis on the interdisciplinary nature of cell research.
• The chapters on diversity of life are updated based on new findings in genetics and evolution. This includes new information on archaea, implications of recent research on the human microbiome and an expanded discussion of antibiotic resistance. The authors emphasize the importance of genetics and evolution in classification and move toward the use of clades, rather than phyla and classes.
• The unit on structure and life processes in animals includes an introduction to the mesentery, which has recently been recognized as an organ. Scientists are exploring the mesentery's role in health and disease. There's also updated or new material on neurotransmitters, cardiovascular disease, immune function, regulation of appetite and energy metabolism, endocrine function, contraception, sexually transmitted infections, transmission of culture in vertebrates and many other topics.
• The updated unit on ecology emphasizes human interdependence with other organisms and the role humans have played in global climate change, the decrease in species diversity and other environmental crises. The content emphasizes solutions--how humans can contribute to the survival of the biosphere.

Features
• Inquiring About boxes explore issues relevant to students' lives, providing a forum for discussing topics of current interest in more detail. Hundreds of examples throughout the book demonstrate the connections between the laboratory and real life.
• The text's successful learning system guides students through every chapter and provides them with the learning strategies needed to integrate and demonstrate mastery of biology concepts. Learning objectives begin each section and Checkpoint questions enable students to assess their level of understanding of the material at the end of the section.
• A variety of question types support student learning. Test Your Understanding end-of-chapter questions are organized according to Bloom's taxonomy so that students can evaluate their understanding of the material. Know and Comprehend multiple-choice questions reinforce important terms and concepts. Apply and Analyze questions challenge students to integrate their knowledge. Higher-level Evaluate and Synthesize questions encourage students to apply the concepts just learned to new situations or make connections among important concepts.
• Several types of questions tied to Key Point, Key Experiment, Checkpoint and Test Your Understanding features carry special designations to help students think like scientists and apply their knowledge. These Predict; Connect; Visualize; Evolution Link; Interpret Data; and Science, Technology and Society questions emphasize that learning is enhanced by many diverse approaches.

Authors
• Eldra P. Solomon . University of South Florida
Dr. Eldra Solomon has written several leading college-level textbooks in Biology and in Human Anatomy and Physiology. Her books have been translated into more than 10 languages. Dr. Solomon earned an M.S. from the University of Florida and an M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of South Florida. She taught Biology and Nursing students for more than 20 years. In addition to being a biologist and science author, Dr. Solomon is a bio-psychologist with a special interest in the neurophysiology of traumatic experience. Her research has focused on the neurological, endocrine and psychological effects of trauma, including Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and development of maladaptive coping strategies. Dr. Solomon has presented her research at many national and international conferences, and her work has been published in leading professional journals. She has been profiled more than 30 times in leading publications, including WHO'S WHO IN AMERICA, WHO'S WHO IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, WHO'S WHO IN MEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE, WHO'S WHO IN AMERICAN EDUCATION, WHO'S WHO OF AMERICAN WOMEN and WHO'S WHO IN THE WORLD.
• Charles E. Martin. Rutgers University
Dr. Charles Martin is Professor Emeritus of Cell Biology and Neuroscience at Rutgers University. He received his Ph.D. in Genetics from Florida State University and engaged in postdoctoral research in genetics and membrane biology at the University of Texas at Austin. Throughout his career at Rutgers, he has taught General Biology as well as undergraduate- and graduate-level courses in Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology. An award-winning teacher, Dr. Martin was named Professor of the Year in 2011 by the Molecular Biosciences Graduate Student Association. His research on gene regulation of membrane protein enzyme systems in yeast and other fungi illustrates the interdisciplinary nature of the life sciences, and has been published in high-ranking journals and presented in invited lectures at national and international scientific meetings. He has served as an editorial board member of the Journal of Biological Chemistry and as the Chair of the Gordon Research Conference on the Molecular Cell Biology of Lipids. He has also consulted for numerous biotechnology projects and holds patents in the area of genetic engineering. He has been an active member of the American Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the American Society for Cell Biology and the Genetics Society of America. He continues to be committed to science education and the promotion of citizen science teaching.
• Diana W. Martin. Rutgers University, New Brunswick Campus
Dr. Diana Martin is Professor Emeritus and former Director of General Biology, Division of Life Sciences at Rutgers University. Dr. Martin received an M.S. from Florida State University, where she studied the chromosomes of related plant species to understand their evolutionary relationships. She earned a Ph.D. from the University of Texas at Austin, where she studied the genetics of the fruit fly--Drosophila melanogaster--and then conducted postdoctoral research at Princeton University. Dr. Martin taught General Biology and other courses at Rutgers for over 30 years and has been involved in writing textbooks since 1988. She is grateful that her decision to study Biology in college led to a career that allows her to share her excitement about all aspects of the life science.
• Linda R. Berg. Formerly, University of Maryland and St. Petersburg College
Dr. Linda Berg is an award-winning teacher and textbook author. She received a B.S. in Science Education, an M.S. in Botany, and a Ph.D. in Plant Physiology from the University of Maryland. Her research focused on the evolutionary implications of steroid biosynthetic pathways in various organisms. Dr. Berg taught at the University of Maryland at College Park for 17 years and at St. Petersburg College in Florida for eight years. During her career, she taught introductory courses in Biology, Botany and Environmental Science to thousands of students. At the University of Maryland, she received numerous teaching and service awards. Dr. Berg is also the recipient of many national and regional awards, including the National Science Teachers Association Award for Innovations in College Science Teaching, the Nation's Capital Area Disabled Student Services Award and the Washington Academy of Sciences Award in University Science Teaching. During her career as a professional science writer, Dr. Berg has authored or coauthored several leading college science textbooks. Her writing reflects her teaching style and her love of science.