CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. DIET, NUTRITION AND EMERGING RISK FACTORS. 2ND EDITION

1 The Aetiology and Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease 1
2 The Fetal and Childhood Origins of Cardiometabolic Disease 29
3 Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes 49
4 Lipid-Related Factors 75
5 Inflammation-Related Factors 99
6 Adipose Tissue-Derived Factors 121
7 Endothelial and Vascular Function 153
8 The Haemostatic System: Coagulation, Platelets, and Fibrinolysis 179
9 Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Disease 213
10 Vitamins and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease 245
11 Influences of the Human Gut Microbiome 271
12 Physical Fitness and Physical Activity: Effects on Risk of Cardiovascular Disease 293
13 Diet and Cardiovascular Disease: Where Are We Now? 311
14 Conclusions of the Task Force 367
15 Recommendations of the Task Force 375
16 Cardiovascular Disease: Answers to Common Questions 393
References 415
Index 511

A comprehensive, accessible summary of the latest research in heart disease risk factors
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a major cause of early death and disability across the world. The major markers of risk—including high blood cholesterol, smoking, and obesity—are well known, but studies show that such markers do not account for all cardiovascular risk. Written by a team of renowned experts in the field, this comprehensive and accessible book examines the evidence for emerging and novel risk factors, and their relationship with diet and nutrition.
Fully updated throughout, Cardiovascular Disease: Diet, Nutrition and Emerging Risk Factors, 2nd Editioncovers everything from the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease, to genetic factors, to inflammation and much more – offering invaluable advice on reducing risk factors and preventing CVD.
This new edition:
• Authoritatively reports on the link between emerging aspects of diet, lifestyle and cardiovascular disease risk
• Focuses on novel risk factors of CVD, including the human gut microbiome and fetal and childhood origins, and how it can be prevented
• Features recommendations for interventions and future research
• Includes references, commonly asked questions that summarise the take-home messages, and an online glossary
Cardiovascular Disease: Diet, Nutrition and Emerging Risk Factors, 2nd Edition is an important book for researchers and postgraduate students in nutrition, dietetics, food science, and medicine, as well as for cardiologists and cardiovascular specialists.

Authors
• PROFESSOR KEITH N. FRAYN is Emeritus Professor of Human Metabolism at the University of Oxford. He has published extensively in the area of metabolic regulation, including the textbook Human Metabolism: a Regulatory Perspective.
• SARA STANNER is Science Director at the British Nutrition Foundation (BNF). She edited the first edition of Cardiovascular Disease: Diet, Nutrition and Emerging Risk Factors and other BNF Task Force books.
• SARAH COE is a Nutrition Scientist at the British Nutrition Foundation (BNF). She is Technical Editor and Secretariat of this BNF Task Force report.