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142,50 €1 Major Depressive Disorder: A brief history of Western medical treatment
2 How antidepressants work, but often do not
3 Clues revealed by ketamine
4 New understanding of the nature and causes of Major Depressive Disorder
4.1 Oxidative and nitrosative damage
4.2 Inflammation
4.3 Chronic Stress
4.4 Insulin resistance
4.5 Metabolic Syndrome
4.6 Summary
5 Phytochemicals: Some basics
5.1 Carbohydrates
5.2 Lipids
5.3 Terpenes
5.4 Phenolics
5.41 Flavonoids
5.42 Non-flavonoid phenolics
5.5 Alkaloids
5.6 Summary
6 Models and paradigms for assessment of antidepressant effects
6.1 Antioxidant Effects
6.2 Anti-inflammatory Effects
6.3 Antidiabetic/Anti-Metabolic Syndrome Effects
6.4 Preclinical antidepressant-like effects
6.4.1 Forced Swim Test
6.4.2 Tail suspension Test
6.4.3 Sucrose Consumption Test
6.4.4 Test Conditions
7 Herbs with antidepressant effects
7.1 Allium sativum (Garlic)
7.2 Angelica sinensis
7.3 Apium graveolens (celery)
7.4 Astragalus membranaceus
7.5 Atractylodes macrocephala
7.6 Avena sativa (common oat)
7.7 Bacopa monnieri
7.8 Borage officinalis (European Borage)
7.9 Bupleurum chinense
7.10 Camellia sinensis (Tea)
7.11 Cannabis
7.12 Cecropia
7.13 Centella asiatica (Gotu Kola)
7.14 Chrysactinia Mexicana
7.15 Cimicifuga racemosa (Black cohosh)
7.16 Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Cinnamon)
7.17 Coffea arabica (Coffee)
7.18 Coriandrum sativum (Coriander)
7.19 Corydalis yanhusuo
7.20 Crocus sativa (Saffron)
7.21 Curcuma longa (Turmeric)
7.22 Cyperus rotundus
7.23 Echium amoenum
7.24 Eleutherococcus senticoccus (Siberian Ginseng)
7.25 Epimedium brevicornum (Horny goat weed)
7.26 Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel)
7.27 Ginkgo biloba
7.28 Glycyrrhiza (licorice)
7.29 Hedyosmum Brasiliense
7.30 Hemerocallis citrina (Daylily)
7.31 Hericium erinaceus (Lion’s Mane)
7.32 Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (Hibiscus)
7.33 Humulus lupulus (Hops)
7.34 Huperzia serrata
7.35 Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort)
7.36 Ilex paraguariensis (Yerba mate)
7.37 Lavandula (Lavender)
7.38 Ligusticum chuanxiong
7.39 Magnolia officinalis
7.40 Matricaria recutita (Chamomile)
7.41 Melissa officinalis (Lemon balm)
7.42 Mimosa pudica
7.43 Ocimum basilicum (Sweet Basil)
7.44 Origanum vulgare (Oregano)
7.46 Panax ginseng (Ginseng)45 Paeonia lactiflora (Peony)
7.47 Passifloraceae incarnata (Passionflower)
7.48 Piper methysticum (Kava)
7.49 Piper nigrum (Black Pepper)
7.50 Polygala tenuifolia
7.51 Poria cocos
7.52 Psoralea corylifolia
7.53 Rhodiola rosea
7.54 Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary)
7.55 Salvia divinorum
7.56 Sceletium tortuosum
7.57 Schisandra chinensis
7.58 Scutellaria lateriflora (Skullcap)
7.59 Silybum marianum (Milk Thistle)
7.60 Theobroma cacao (Chocolate)
7.61 Tilia (Linden)
7.62 Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fenugreek)
7.63 Valeriana officinalis (Valerian)
7.64 Verbena officinalis (Vervain)
7.65 Vitex agnus-castus (Chaste tree)
7.66 Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha)
8 The antidepressant effects of Yueue, and the herbs of Traditional Chinese Medicine
8.1 Fundamental considerations
8.2 Yueju
8.3 Xiao yao san
8.4 Chai hu shu gan
8.5 Gan mai da zao
8.6 Gui pi
8.7 Shi wei wen dan tang
8.8 Ban xia hou pu
8.9 Chai hu jia long gu mu li
8.10 Tiao qi
8.11 Yi pi
8.12 Tang shen kang
8.13 Kai xin san
8.14 Shu gan jie yu
8.15 Si ni san
8.16 Wu ling
8.17 Other TCM herbs used in the treatment of MDD
8.18 A medical, "Theory of Everything."
9 Flavonoids with preclinical antidepressant-like effects
9.1 Amentoflavone
9.2 Apigenin
9.3 Astilbin
9.4 Baicalein and Baicalin
9.5 Chrysin
9.6 7,8,Dihydroxyflavone
9.7 Fisetin
9.8 Heptomethoxyflavone
9.9 Hesperidin and hesperitin
9.10 Hyperoside
9.11 Icariin
9.12 Isosakurentin-5-O-rutinoside
9.13 Kaempferol
9.14 Liquiritin and Isoliquirtin
9.15 Luteolin
9.16 Miquelianin
9.17 Myricetin
9.18 Naringenin and naringin
9.19 Nobiletin
9.20 Orientin
9.21 Quercetin
9.22 Vitexin
9.23 Wogonin and wogonoside
9.24 Synthetic flavonoids
9.25 Mechanisms of flavonoid antidepressant action
10 Preclinical antidepressant-like effects of terpenes, polyphenolics, and other non-flavonoid phytochemcials
10.1 Amyrins
10.2 Bacopasides
10.3 Berberine
10.4 3-n-Butylphthalide
10.5 Caffeic Acid
10.6 ß-Carotene
10.7 Carvacrol
10.8 ß-Caryophyllene
10.9 Chlorogenic acid
10.10 Crocin
10.11 Curcumin
10.12 3,6'-Disinapoyl sucrose
10.13 Ellagic acid
10.14 Eugenol
10.15 Ferulic acid
10.16 Gallic acid
10.17 Gastrodin
10.18 Genipin
10.19 Ginsenoside Rg1
10.20 Glycyrrhizin
10.21 4-Hydroxyisoleucine
10.22 Hyperfoliatin
10.23 Linalool
10.24 Macranthol
10.25 Methyl jasmonate
10.26 Mitragynine
10.27 Oleanolic acid
10.28 Orcinol
10.29 Paeoniflorin
10.30 Paeonol
10.31 Palmatine
10.32 Plumbagin
10.33 Podoandin
10.34 Punarnavine
10.35 Resveratrol
10.36 Riparin
10.37 Rosmarinic acid
10.38 Safranal
10.39 Salidroside
10.40 Sarsasapogenin
10.41 Scopoletin
10.42 Sulphoraphane
10.43 Tetrandrine
10.44 L-theanine
10.45 Uliginosin B
10.46 Ursolic acid
10.47 Vanillin
11 Choosing herbal treatments
11.1 Efficacy of herbal treatments of MDD
11.2 Herbs for which there is less than compelling evidence of efficacy
11.3 Combinations of Herbs
11.4 Addressing Comorbidities
11.4.1 Anxiety and insomnia
11.4.2 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
11.4.3 Premenstrual and perimenopausal symptoms
11.4.4 Dementia
11.4.5 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome
11.4.6 Fatigue, lack of resiliency and General Malaise
11.5 Augmentation of standard antidepressant treatment with herbs.
11.6 Safety
This unique volume presents new understandings of the neurochemical nature of major depression, and how herbs and their constituent flavonoids and terpenes appear to address some of the mechanisms now thought to be involved. It explores how recent studies of the rapid antidepressant effects of ketamine inform neuroscientists about deep intracellular mechanisms of antidepressant action that have little to do with simple enhancement of monoaminergic activity. These mechanisms include actions on PI3K, Akt, mTOR, GSK3, BDNF, and other intracellular pathways. New theories of the pathophysiology underlying major depression, such as oxidative damage, inflammation, stress and insulin resistance are then explored.
Key Features:
• Focuses on oxidative damage, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome.
• Explains that a significant percentage of people treated for major depression obtain little if any relief from standard antidepressant medications.
• These facts lead to discussion of herbs that can be used to treat major depression, as well as consideration of the scientific basis for how these herbs act.
• The antidepressant properties of 66 herbs are discussed, along with dosing and safety information.
Author
Currently a practicing psychiatrist in Roseburg, Oregon, the author earned a Ph.D. in Biopsychology at The University of British Columbia, in Vancouver, British Columbia. He then worked for three years as a post-doctoral fellow at The Rockefeller University in the Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology under Bruce McEwen, Ph.D. During his doctoral work and as a post-doctoral fellow, he published 24 papers on the subjects of serotonergic and hormonal regulation of sexual behavior, and on the effects of stress on serotonin receptor subtypes in the brain. The author then attended medical school at The University of Illinois, and after graduating in 1996, he did his residency in psychiatry at The University of Virginia. In 2007, Elsevier published his first book, Metabolic Syndrome and Psychiatric Illness: Interactions, pathophysiology, assessment and treatment. In 2009, M. Evans published his second book, Beyond Alzheimer’s: How to avoid the modern epidemic of dementia
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