POSTURAL TACHYCARDIA SYNDROME. A CONCISE AND PRACTICAL GUIDE TO MANAGEMENT AND ASSOCIATED CONDITIONS

1. Introduction
2. Historical Background
3. Clinical Presentation
4. Diagnostic Criteria for Postural Tachycardia Syndrome: Consideration of the Clinical Features Differentiating PoTS from Other Disorders of Orthostatic Intolerance
5. Pathophysiology and Classification of PoTS
6. Cardiological Considerations: Tests to Consider, Are They Useful and What Do They Show?
7. Neurological Investigations
8. The Active Stand and Tilt Tests
9. Additional Autonomic Tests
10. Cardiovascular Red Flag Symptoms in PoTS
11. Neurological Red Flags in Common Neurological Conditions Associated with PoTS
12. Rheumatology and Postural Tachycardia Syndrome
13. Headache in Postural Tachycardia Syndrome
14. Postural Tachycardia Syndrome and Sleep
15. Investigations of Endocrinopathies
16. Postural Tachycardia Syndrome and the Gut
17. Urological Considerations in PoTS
18. Gynaecological Considerations in PoTS
19. Dizziness—The Audiovestibular Perspective
20. Is PoTS an Autoimmune Condition?
21. Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)
22. Inherited Metabolic Diseases
23. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
24. Lyme Disease
25. Non-pharmacological Management (Hydration, Diet and Compression)
26. Exercise Guidelines for Postural Tachycardia Syndrome
27. Medication in PoTS: An Overview
28. Midodrine
29. Ivabradine
30. ß-blockers
31. Fludrocortisone
32. Octreotide
33. Clonidine
34. Other Medications: Desmopressin, Pyridostigmine, Erythropoietin and SSRIs
35. Assessing Benefit in PoTS
36. Clinical Aspects of Paediatric PoTS
37. Pregnancy and Postural Tachycardia Syndrome
38. Anaesthetic Considerations
39. Respiratory Specific Diagnostic Tests and Physiotherapy Intervention for Patients with PoTS Presenting with Breathlessness
40. Psychological and Psychiatric Support; When, Why and What to Do
41. PoTS in Primary Care
42. Nurse-Led PoTS Clinics: A Framework
43. A Tertiary Referral Centre for PoTS: The Autonomic Unit at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery Experience
44. The Management of PoTS in a District General Hospital, A Personal View
45. A Tertiary Hospital Cardiology Model of Care
46. PoTS from a Patient’s Perspective
47. Living with the Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes (EDS)—The Patients’ Perspective

This book describes the varying clinical manifestations of postural tachycardia syndrome (PoTS) and provides a robust yet practical set of clinical tools for those managing patients suffering with this syndrome. Guidance is provided by a range of disciplines relevant to PoTS including general and specialist assessments, associated conditions, diagnostic considerations, therapy and service models.
Postural Tachycardia Syndrome: A Concise and Practical Guide to Management and Associated Conditions presents the scientific background and practical information for the busy medical professional, illustrating key features with care-based materials to help them manage this condition, which can be a challenge for patients and clinicians alike.

Features
• Provides expert, multi-disciplinary guidance on this rarely covered topic
• Reviews multidisciplinary management of the condition in light of the varying diagnoses
• Contains practical clinical instruction including case-based learning and illustrative algorithms

Authors
• Dr Nicholas Gall qualified in 1993 from Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospitals. He trained in General Internal Medicine and Cardiology and is a Consultant Cardiologist (electrophysiology) at King’s College Hospital and an Honorary Senior Lecturer at King’s College. He has a particular interest in loss of consciousness and autonomic conditions including PoTS: Neuro-cardiology. He has published widely, has an active PoTS research program and speaks at National and International conferences. With Prof Kavi, he developed the PoTS masterclass and has run the London Syncope conference since 2010. He is a Patron of PoTS-UK and medical adviser to STARS.
• Dr Lesley Kavi obtained her medical degree at Glasgow University. She is currently working as a GP in Solihull and is Visiting Professor at Birmingham City University where she teaches on the Advanced Practice MSc. She was appointed as RCGP Syncope Clinical Champion in 2019 and developed an online open access toolkit for use by clinicians in primary care. In 2011 Lesley became a trustee of PoTS UK, the national charity that supports patients with postural tachycardia syndrome. In 2017 she took on the role of chairperson. Her special interests include PoTS, syncope and women’s health.
• Dr Melvin Lobo is a Consultant Cardiovascular Physician and Director of the Bart's Blood Pressure Clinic based in the Barts Heart Centre and the William Harvey Research Institute. He has a specialist interest in blood pressure disorders of all types, PoTS and autonomic control of the circulation. He is an accredited Clinical Hypertension Specialist of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and British Hypertension Society. Professor Lobo has participated in numerous clinical trials, particularly in the field of novel device therapy of hypertension. His research work has been featured on television and in the national press on numerous occasions.