PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING APPROACH IN MICROBIOLOGY

1. Basic concepts in microbiology and immunology
1.1 Sterilization and disinfection
1.2 Patient’s safety and informed consent
1.3 Mechanisms of fever and inflammation
1.4 Antibiotics, resistance, and nosocomial infections
2.Infections of the central and sensory nervous system
2.1 Shingles - Herpes zoster virus
2.2 Pre-septal cellulitis – Hemophilus influenzae
2.3 Brain empyema – Streptococcus pyogenes
3.Infections of gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary systems
3.1 Klebsiella pneumoniae Liver Abscess – Klebsiella pneumoniae
3.2 Hepatitis – Cytomegalovirus
3.3 Food poisoning – Shigella flexneri
4.Infections of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems
4.1 Tetanus – Clostridium tetani
4.2 Community-acquired pneumonia – Streptococcus pneumoniae
4.3 Cystic fibrosis – Pseudomonas aeruginosa
4.4 Bronchiolitis - Respiratory syncytial virus
4.5 Tuberculosis – Mycobacterium tuberculosis
5. Infections of the urogenital tract
5.1 Urinary tract infection – ESBL-producing Escherichia coli
6. Infections of the blood, skin, and the musculoskeletal system
6.1 Meningococcemia – Neisseria meningitidis
6.2 Malaria – Plasmodium vivax
6.3 Foot infection – Staphylococcus aureus
7. Infections in the immunocompromised host and immunization

• Provides real clinical cases ensuring exposure to real clinical cases and stimulating interactive learning, in addition to enhancing the readers’ ability to correlate concepts in microbiology, immunology and infectious diseases with real clinical cases.
• Includes a question-and-answer section--This section facilitates student-teacher interaction, thereby resulting in a problem-solving approach and ensuring better retention of information.
• In the "Microbiology" section --each chapter focuses on the etiological agent responsible for the disease manifested in the particular case. This section gives a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology and pathogenicity of the agent, and also the host immune response, clinical manifestations, diagnostic, and therapeutic measures.
• Provides real clinical cases ensuring exposure to real clinical cases and stimulating interactive learning, in addition to enhancing the readers’ ability to correlate concepts in microbiology, immunology and infectious diseases with real clinical cases.
• Includes a question-and-answer section--This section facilitates student-teacher interaction, thereby resulting in a problem-solving approach and ensuring better retention of information.